What is El Niño?
A periodic warming of sea surface temperatures in the central and eastern Pacific Ocean, significantly influencing global weather patterns, including increased rainfall in some regions and drought in others.
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The decrease in temperature with height in an adiabatically rising air parcel (lapse rate). For dry air, this value is 1...
The amount of radiation, heat, or light passing through or flowing from a unit area of a surface.
The reflectance rate of a surface, indicating the amount of electromagnetic radiation reflected from the surface. It depends...
A bomb cyclone is a large mid-latitude storm that forms when a storm’s central pressure drops (i.e. “bombs out”), resulting...
The term used for turbulence occurring in the absence of clouds or cloud-like elements in the visible area. It is often observed...
A measurement determined by the wave lengths and sea conditions caused by the effect of wind, and by the movement of tree...
A polar vortex is a circulating mass of air in the atmosphere, typically found in polar regions. This rotating air mass occurs...
The process by which a solid changes directly into a gas without first becoming a liquid, such as ice turning into water...
Conduction is the transfer of heat or electricity through a material without the material itself moving. This occurs when...
A continental air mass is a large body of air that forms over land, characterized by dry conditions due to the lack of moisture...