What is El Niño?

A periodic warming of sea surface temperatures in the central and eastern Pacific Ocean, significantly influencing global weather patterns, including increased rainfall in some regions and drought in others.

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Glossary

A thick cloud of tiny water droplets suspended in the atmosphere near the Earth's surface, significantly reducing visibility.

A strong, downward wind caused by a localized column of air sinking rapidly, often resulting in damage similar to that caused...

The horizontal transport of any feature within the atmosphere due to the movement of air (wind). This includes phenomena...

Indicates the amount of water the soil can absorb/retain through percolation. This capacity is around 7% in sandy soil and...

The upward movement of air caused by a topographic barrier, such as a mountain, which can lead to cloud formation and precipitation.

A large, organized thunderstorm with a rotating updraft, often producing severe weather such as tornadoes, hail, and heavy...

A narrow band of strong winds in the upper atmosphere, typically flowing from west to east and influencing weather patterns.

Cloud condensation nuclei are tiny particles in the atmosphere, such as dust, salt, or pollutants, that provide surfaces...

A small, intense downdraft that produces damaging winds at the surface, typically lasting a few minutes and often associated...

A continental air mass is a large body of air that forms over land, characterized by dry conditions due to the lack of moisture...

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