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What is La Niña?

A periodic cooling of sea surface temperatures in the central and eastern Pacific Ocean, often leading to altered global weather patterns such as reduced rainfall in some areas and increased rainfall in others.

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Glossary

A scale for estimating wind speed based on observed conditions of the sea or land. It ranges from 0 (calm) to 12 (hurricane)...

A periodic warming of sea surface temperatures in the central and eastern Pacific Ocean, significantly influencing global...

A thin, white cloud layer that is intertwined or separate, arranged in regular order, and does not cast a shadow.

The upward movement of air caused by a topographic barrier, such as a mountain, which can lead to cloud formation and precipitation.

The amount of water vapor present in the air, which can affect comfort levels and weather conditions.

Confluence refers to the area where two or more air streams or bodies of water meet and combine. In meteorology, it often...

The reflectance rate of a surface, indicating the amount of electromagnetic radiation reflected from the surface. It depends...

An elongated area of relatively low atmospheric pressure, often associated with unsettled weather conditions like storms...

A bomb cyclone is a large mid-latitude storm that forms when a storm’s central pressure drops (i.e. “bombs out”), resulting...

Ball lightning appears during thunderstorms, taking the shape of glowing, electric orbs in the sky. It can appear in a variety...